Search results for "root architecture"
showing 8 items of 8 documents
Root architectural traits of rooted cuttings of two fig cultivars: Treatments with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi formulation
2021
Abstract Many fruit tree species develop symbioses relationships with mycorrhizal fungi by which they improve their efficiency in water and nutrient uptake and, in turn, increase their vegetative growth and productivity, particularly under stressful environments. These benefits origin from the effects that mycorrhizal determined on the root architecture, morphology and physiology. Usually, few attentions has been devoted to the tree root structure and function, especially, in fig plants during their growth phase in the nursery. Recently, several root traits or phenes have been reported as fundamental for the root functions such as the root length ratio (plant’s potential for the exploitatio…
Survival, morphological variability, and performance of Opuntia ficus-indica in a semi-arid region of India
2022
Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.) can survive extreme environmental condition and is known for its fodder potential in many parts of the world. The morphological diversity of 15 introduced accessions was evaluated at Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India. The plants were established in 2013. Survival and nutrient status were evaluated after two years. Above-ground plant height, biomass, primary and secondary cladode numbers, primary and secondary cladode lengths and below-ground root length, weight, and surface area measurements were done six years after cladode planting. Yellow San Cono, White Roccapalumba, and Seedless Roccapalumba survived 100%. The discriminant traits according to pr…
Quantification of nitrogen fluxes and explanatory plant traits during a two year legume-cereal rotation
2018
National audience; A better understanding of how plant growth, N nutrition and symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) are influenced by soil inorganic N availability, for a wide range of legume species, is crucial to optimise legume productivity, N2 fixation, while limiting environmental risks such as N leaching. A comparative analysis was performed for ten legume crops, grown in a field experiment and supplied with four levels of N fertiliser. Dry matter, N concentration and SNF were measured. Parallely, root traits were studied in a greenhouse experiment. For most species, inorganic N inputs had little effect on plant growth and N nutrition. SNF was negatively affected by soil inorganic N avai…
Root growth and development under heat and water stresses: a comparative study determining independent and combined effects in four grain legume spec…
2018
International audience; hanks to their ability to fix atmospheric dinitrogen in symbiosis with soil bacteria, grain legumes provide a sustainable way to ensure food and nutritional security. Unfortunately, these crops are highly susceptible to environmental constraints such as heat or water stresses which leads to fluctuating yields as compared to cereals. In the context of climate change, more frequent episodes of heat stress, concomitant (or not) with water stress are expected. This emphasizes the need to identify key plant traits towards a better yield stability under stressful conditions.
Exploring architectural traits and ecophysiological responses in soybean under heat and water stress: implications for climate change adaptation
2023
In the context of climate change, characterized by increasingly frequent droughts and heat waves, it is anticipated that the global soybean yields, the most extensively grown legume, will experience a significant decline in the foreseeable future.. There is thus an urgent need to improve its ability to maintain growth and productivity under such conditions. The objective of this study was to explore which plant traits make soybeans more resilient to heat and/or water stress, with a focus on plant architecture. For this purpose, two soybean genotypes, already shown to have contrasted root architecture (Maslard et al., 2021) were grown under controlledconditions in the high-throughput phenoty…
Ecophysiological processes underlying mineral nutrition of soybean under individual or combined heat and water stresses
2023
In a context of climate change, with more frequent drought events and heatwaves, it is predicted that soybean yields will drastically decrease in the near future. Soybean being the most widely grown legume crop in the world, there is an urgent need to improve its ability to sustain its growth under such conditions in order to guarantee high levels of productivity. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of heat and/or water stress on soybean growth and its water and mineral nutritions. Two soybean genotypes, displaying contrasted root architectures during their vegetative stage were grown under controlled conditions in the 4PMI high-throughput phenotyping platform where either op…
Démarches de biologie intégrative pour la compréhension des flux de carbone, azote et eau dans la plante
2021
Les démarches de biologie intégrative, qui ont constitué le fil rouge de l’ensemble de mes travaux de recherche ont été abordées au sein de deux Axes Thématiques principaux : un axe concernant la qualité des produits récoltés et un axe concernant la valorisation des interactions plante-microorganismes favorisant le prélèvement des ressources azotées en conditions hydriques fluctuantes. C’est sur ce dernier axe que je travaille depuis mon recrutement en tant que Chargée de Recherche au sein de l’UMR Agroécologie. Cette approche de biologie intégrative (multi-disciplinaire et multi-échelle) me permet de hiérarchiser les processus écophysiologiques, métaboliques et moléculaires qui pourront êt…
ArchiRac : Caractérisation de la diversité génétique de l’architecture racinaire chez le blé tendre et le blé dur
2019
National audience; Le système racinaire constitue la partie invisible des plantes mais il joue néanmoins un rôleprimordial dans leur développement. C’est par le système racinaire que la plante va prélever deséléments qui sont indispensables à sa survie, et c’est donc, au moins en partie, les caractéristiques dece système racinaire qui vont lui permettre de résister à des stress abiotiques. Il a été notammentmontré que des caractères liés à l’architecture racinaire pouvaient être responsables d’une meilleuretolérance à des stress hydriques. Le projet FSOV ArchiRac vise à caractériser un grand nombre devariétés élites et de diversité de blé tendre et de blé dur pour leur architecture racinair…